Dreamweaver’s Approach To Website Accessibility
Accessibility, in the context of websites, refers to the degree to which the content you add to your web site can be accessed by your audience; all of them, not just the able bodied ones and those with 20/20 vision. Accessible websites offer good support for screen readers, cater for users who browse the web without viewing graphics and who wish to magnify the text on your pages to a level comfortable for their eyesight.
There are a number of features within Dreamweaver which help web developers ensure that their pages are accessible. The program can be set up so that it will automatically offer you a series of accessibility options whenever you add an image, media element or form field to a page. There is also a built-in utility which you can use to check whether your pages contain elements which are not accessible.
Dreamweaver’s program settings contain two main features relating to accessibility. To access these settings, choose Edit - Preferences (or Dreamweaver - Preferences) on a Mac. Next, click on the Accessibility category and activate the options which to display attributes for form objects, media (which refers to such things as video clips, audio and Flash) and graphics. It is also useful, in the General category, to switch on the option to use CSS instead of HTML tags.
So what is the result of switching on these various preferences? Well, firstly, Dreamweaver will use CSS tags whenever you format text or the background of the page. The CSS tags contain the formatting information and will be placed in the head area of the page away from the content which will be in the page body. The program will also display a dialog box with accessibility options each time you insert an image, form field or media element such as a Flash movie or video clip.
When you add an image to any page, you will see a dialog box which invites you to enter the alternate (alt) text. You should key in a brief description of the image. This alt text will be displayed in the browser if the image itself is not displayed, for example, when the user has deactivated the display of images. Screen readers will also speak your alt text whenever an image is encountered.
In addition to the alt text, Dreamweaver also allows you to browse for or enter a path leading to a long description file. This option relates to HTML’s longdesc attribute which should be used for images whose content is too detailed or too important to be described in the short alt text.
When the accessibility options relating to forms are active, Dreamweaver will display a dialog of options every time a form or form element is added to the page. The first set of options relates to the addition of the LABEL tag which serves to associate descriptive text labels with the form control to which they relate. The dialog also allows you to specify the order in which elements will be accessed by pressing the Tab key on the keyboard.
When a media element, such as a Flash movie, video or sound clip is inserted on a page, Dreamweaver will prompt the user to enter a title, access key and tab index. The title provides information regarding the media element in much the same way as alt text does for images. Access key offers users who find use of the mouse difficult an alternative method of accessing the media element using a keyboard shortcut. The tab index allows the creator of the page to specify the order in which elements on the page can be activated by using the Tab key.
Dreamweaver not only gives you help in making your page content accessible, it will also check your pages to see if they contain elements which are not accessible. To use the accessibility utility, click on the File menu then on Check Page and finally on Accessibility. The utility runs and then displays a list of elements on the page which are not accessible. If you double-click on any of the items in the list, the code representing it will be instantly highlighted allowing you to edit it.
Tags: Web-Development